建立Notification

1. 使用new Notification.Builder(Context)建立builder物件
2. 在由builder.build()產生Notification 物件
3. 取得NotificationManager manager
4. manager.notify(int, notification)發送通知

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Notification.Builder builder=new Notification.Builder(this);
        builder
                .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
                .setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis())
                .setContentTitle("Thomas Notification")
                .setContentText("這是一個通告");
        Notification notification=builder.build();
        NotificationManager manager=
                (NotificationManager)getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
        manager.notify(0, notification);
    }
}

設定Notification

上述的builder中, 是最基本的需求設定, 常有如下項目可設定
.setColor(Color) : API21 Lollipop才支援
.setDefaults(int) : int可以為

Noitifcation.DEFAULT_VIBRATE|
Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND|
Notification.DEFAULT_LIGHTS

若要產生震動, 請加入權限
<uses-permission android:name=”android:permission.VIBRATE” />

設定特殊效果

Notification可以自訂需要的LED顏色, 震動模式及鈴聲
builder.setLights(Color, 開啟時間, 關閉時間) : LED不是每支手機都可支援, 要測試
builder.setVibrate(long[]) : 將要開啟及關閉的時間長度放入陣列中
builder.setSound(Uri) : 將音樂放入Uri即可

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    NotificationManager manager;
    Notification notification;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        NotificationCompat.Builder builder=new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);
        builder
                .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
                .setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis())
                .setContentTitle("Thomas Notification")
                .setContentText("這是一個通告");
        builder.setLights(Color.RED, 1000, 1000);
        long[] vibrate_effect={1000,500,1000,400,1000,300,1000,200,1000,100};
        builder.setVibrate(vibrate_effect);
        Uri uri=Uri.parse("android.resource://"+getPackageName()+"/raw/sun");
        builder.setSound(uri);
        notification=builder.build();
        manager=(NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
    }
    public void btn1_click(View view){
        manager.notify(0, notification);
    }
    public void btn2_click(View view){
        manager.cancel(0);
    }
}

進度條

要顯示進度條, 只需在builder中使用 .setProgress(int, int, boolean). 第一個參數為進度的最大值. 第二個參數為目前的進度. 第三個參數若為true, 表示不知確切的進度, 若為false則表示知道明確的進度.
builder.setOngoing(true)表示不能自通知區中移除.

上述設定好後, 再使用相同的通知編號一直發送通知即可. 要重複發送通知, 可以使用AsyncTask類別, 置於背景中持續執行. 如下程式碼中, 使用 AsyncTask類別的execute()啟動即可

進度結束後, 再使用 setProgress(0,0, false)及 setOngoing(false), 然後再重送一次通知

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    NotificationManager manager;
    Notification.Builder builder;
    private final int code_id=13579;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        builder=new Notification.Builder(this);
        manager=(NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
        builder.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
                .setContentTitle("下載更新程式")
                .setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis())
                .setOngoing(true);
        Progress progress=new Progress();
        progress.execute();
    }
    class Progress extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void>{
        @Override
        protected Void doInBackground(Void... voids) {
            for (int i=1;i<100;i++){
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(100);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                builder.setProgress(100, i, false);
                builder.setContentText("下載進度 : "+i+"%");
                manager.notify(code_id, builder.build());
            }
            builder.setContentText("下載完成");
            builder.setProgress(0,0,false);
            builder.setOngoing(false);
            manager.notify(code_id, builder.build());
            return null;
        }
    }
}

大型通知畫面

新增Notification.BitPictureStyle pictureStyle, 再由pictureStyle的bigPicture(Bitmap)設定圖片及setSummaryText(String)設定說明. 最後使用builder的setStyle(pictureStyle)將style設定到builder即可.
注意圖片不可太大, 且小米手機無法使用, 而且不能使用NotivicationCompat.Builder

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    NotificationManager manager;
    Notification.Builder builder;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        builder=new Notification.Builder(this);
        builder
                .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
                .setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis())
                .setContentTitle("Thomas Notification");
                //.setContentText("這是一個通告"); 在大圖片中此行無效
        Notification.BigPictureStyle pictureStyle=new Notification.BigPictureStyle();
        Bitmap bitmap= BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.drawable.thomas_ocp);
        pictureStyle.bigPicture(bitmap)
                .setSummaryText("大圖片");
        builder.setStyle(pictureStyle);
        manager=(NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
    }
    public void btn1_click(View view){
        manager.notify(0, builder.build());
    }
    public void btn2_click(View view){
        manager.cancel(0);
    }
}

若要顯示條列式通知文字, 可改為如下

Notification.InboxStyle inboxStyle=new Notification.InboxStyle();
inboxStyle.addLine("這是第一行");
inboxStyle.addLine("這是第二行");
inboxStyle.addLine("這是第三行");
inboxStyle.setSummaryText("總共有三行");
builder.setStyle(inboxStyle);
manager=(NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);